ENDOCRINE DRUGS 1. Which of the following are side effects of… ENDOCRINE DRUGS1

ENDOCRINE DRUGS 1. Which of the following are side effects of… ENDOCRINE DRUGS1. Which of the following are side effects of long-term corticosteroid use?a. Osteoporosis, weight gain, & muscle weaknessb. Weight loss, urinary retention & constipation c. Bradycardia, hypoglycemia, & pupil constrictiond. All of the above2. Which of the following are side effects of corticosteroids that can occur even with very short courses?a. Hypertensionb. Hyperglycemiac. Insomniad. All of the above3. Sherry’s Crohn’s disease is finally under control after 6 weeks of prednisone and other medications.  Her doctor wants to stop her prednisone before side effects become worse.  How should this be done?a. By substituting a similar drugb. By simply discontinuing the drugc. By substituting a short-acting corticosteroidd. By gradually tapering the dose over several weeks4. Martina is being treated for hypothyroidism with a synthetic levothyroxine (T4). What is the advantage of this approach over giving liothyronine (T3) or Armour thyroid?a. It blocks the enzymes responsible for metabolizing thyroid hormones.b. It slows the excretion of bioactive thyroid hormone.c. It is converted to T3, the bioactive form of thyroid hormone, according to the body’s needs.d. It substitutes for the bioactive hormone the body is not making.5. When the dose of levothyroxine is increased, the patient should be told to report this symptom which can indicate the dose is too high.a. tachycardiab. bradycardiac. hypotensiond. weight gain6. What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?a. Shaking tremors, tachycardia, and irritabilityb. Bradycardia and hot, dry skinc. decreased urine production and hungerd. fruity breath and thirst7. Clara has been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes and is being started on an oral antidiabetic agent. What drug is recommended for first-line treatment if there are no contraindications? a. insulinb. glipizidec. metformind. dulaglutide 8. How does metformin work to lower serum glucose levels?a. It is a GLP-1 Receptor agonist which mimics the action of incretins thereby decreasing glucagon secretion, increasing insulin and delaying gastric emptying time & increasing satietyb. It stimulates beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin.c. It decreases hepatic glucose production & enhances insulin uptake & utilization in tissuesd. It inhibits sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGL-2 inhibitor) thereby increasing glucose excretion by the kidneys 9. Jen takes both metformin and dapagliflozin. How does dapagliflozin work?a. It is a GLP-1 Receptor agonist which mimics the action of incretins thereby decreasing glucagon secretion, increasing insulin and delaying gastric emptying time & increasing satietyb. It stimulates beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin.c. It decreases hepatic glucose production & enhances insulin uptake & utilization in tissuesd. It inhibits sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGL-2 inhibitor) thereby increasing glucose excretion by the kidneys 10. Which lab test is the best indicator of overall glucose control for the past few months?a. Fasting glucoseb. Hemoglobin A1cc. Glucose tolerance testd. Fasting insulin level 11. Danika has Type 1 diabetes and must take a rapid-acting insulin to reduce post-meal hyperglycemia. Which of the following insulins starts working within 10 minutes? a. Lisprob. glarginec. regulard. NPH 12. Which of the following is a long-acting insulin?a. lisprob. NPHc. glargined. aspart13. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to which of the following complications?a. Renal failureb. heart attack or strokec. retinopathy & blindnessd. all of the above 14. Current treatment guidelines for type 2 diabetes recommend 2 classes of antidiabetic agents as add-ons for patients who continue to have elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) while taking metformin. One of the reasons they are recommended over other classes is because they do not cause weight gain and may in fact cause weight loss.  Which of the following drugs are representatives of these?a. glyburide (Diabeta) and pioglitazone (Actos) b. sitagliptan (Januvia) and acarbose (Precose)c. liraglutide (Victoza) and canagliflozin (Invokana)d. glipizide (Glucotrol) and NPH insulin 15. What is the goal HbA1c for most patients with type 2 DM?a. Less than or equal to  7.0b. Greater than or equal to 6.5c. Less than or equal to 8d. Greater than or equal to 7.5 16. Women begin losing bone mass at a younger age than men and also have a higher incidence of osteoporotic fractures than men.  What accounts for this difference?a. Women consume less calcium and vitamin D than men b. Estrogen deficiency after menopause causes bone resorption to exceed bone buildingc. Loss of bone due to pregnancy and breastfeedingd. Wearing high heels and exercising less 17. What are the most common bone fractures that occur in osteoporosis?a. Metacarpals and wristb. Humerus & radius c. Hip & vertebrae d. Femur & ankle 18. Which of the following drugs for osteoporosis can be given to patients with renal failure?a. Alendronate (Fosamax)b. Zolendronate (Reclst)c. Denosumab (Prolia)d. Ibandronate (Boniva)19. Which of the following drugs for osteoporosis inhibit bone resorption?a. Alendronateb. Zoledronatec. Denosumabd. All of the above 20. Which of the following drugs are considered anabolic agents (bone building) for osteoporosis?a. Estrogenb. Teriparatidec. Risedronate   Health Science Science Nursing SCIE 264 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)

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