Diabetes  – Case Study 1    Mr.  M.H.   a 63 year old male  was diagnosed recently with Ty

Diabetes  – Case Study 1    Mr.  M.H.   a 63 year old male  was diagnosed recently with Type II Diabetes.  He is significantly overweight  and also hypertensive.  He is  a shift worker in a nearby factory but he also is an extreme video game enthusiast so he finds very little time for meal preparation and as a result eats in a local  burger place at least 4 days a week and go out to Swiss Chalet to eat on the weekends. His place of employment is about 2 km from his home so he commutes back and forth in his car  ( an SUV) which he finds to be very comfortable . His favourite restaurants are both on the main street between his home and his workplace.     Recently Mr . M. H.   has felt that his vision has deteriorated  and he has tried to improve it by buying stronger reading glasses but they don’t seem to help. He previously had cataracts removed about 2 years ago so this does not seem to be the problem He has also developed some pretty severe bruises on his leg and he has no idea how he acquired them. The bruise on his left leg has actually worsened and become a significant  ulcer that regularly seeps serous fluids though it still seems not to cause him any pain.  A.  Explain the probable reason for his leg bruises and ulcer and  suggest a course of action for him on this issue. B.   Explain the probable cause of his recent vision deterioration and explain how a diagnosis of the problem  might be confirmed ( the diagnostic signs) C. .. Explain the probable cause of his Diabetes – outlining how the pathology would have developed and it’s probable trajectory if not treated more effectively D.  Outline a possible program of treatment for Mr. MH  including all the necessary steps including routine monitoring, behavioural changes and possible therapies involving medications —Go into depth and completeness of explanation     my answers: Explain the probable reason for his leg bruises and ulcer and suggest a course of action for him on this issue.Although diabetes does not cause bruising, it can slow the healing process and cause bruises to last longer than they should. Mr. S.F. is a shift worker in a nearby factory, so it’s possible he got those bruises at work or in his everyday activities without realizing it, and this ultimately turned into a significant ulcer.Course of action: Generally, wound dressing is completed with antimicrobial agents to avoid infection and further ulceration of the wound. Alginate and foam dressings can be used since they have a higher absorbency for moderate to heavy exudate than simple gauze, which can cause additional skin damage. Antibiotics can also be used as a preventative measure to avoid infection. Controlling blood sugar levels is also essential since a high sugar level in the blood slows wound healing.Prolonged high blood sugar levels of diabetes can damage the small blood vessels that supply the nerves in the body that result in important nutrients not reaching into the nerves making the nerve fibers become damaged. This is known as peripheral neuropathy, and it is a long-term diabetic complication. Sensory neuropathy is a subtype of peripheral neuropathy that affects the nerves that transmit pain, touch, temperature, and other sensations to the brain from the skin, bones, and muscles. The most serious complication of diabetic sensory neuropathy is the loss of feeling in the feet, especially if the patient is unaware that it is occurring. Dangerous in the sense that minor injuries may go unnoticed, leading to ulcers, as in the case of Mr. M. H.  Explain the probable cause of his recent vision deterioration and explain how a diagnosis of the problem might be confirmed ( the diagnostic signs)The probable cause of the patient’s recent vision deterioration may be due to diabetes. Blurred vision, spots or floaters, and difficulty seeing at night are all diagnostic signs. Diabetic patients are more likely to develop cataracts and have cloudy vision.High blood sugar levels can cause vision problems, cataracts, glaucoma, and retinopathy. High blood sugar reduces blood flow into the eyes and also damage start with sugar blocks the tiny blood vessels that goes into the retina, causing them to leak fluid or bleed. Diabetes could also result in swelling in the macula called diabetic macular edema which destroys the sharp vision in this part of the eye resulting to partial loss of vision and blindness. Explain the probable cause of his Diabetes – outlining how the pathology would have developed and its probable trajectory if not treated more effectivelyMr. M. H’s diabetes is thought to be caused by his age, overweight, inactive lifestyle, and diet. Mr. M. H. is a 63-year-old man who is overweight, an active video game player, and does not exercise because he commutes back and forth from his workplace. He also has a poor diet, as he eats at a local burger joint at least four days a week and at Swiss Chalet on weekends. Since he spends so much time playing video games, he has no time to prepare meals.In type 2 diabetes, cells in muscle, fat and the liver become resistant to insulin or called insulin resistant. Insulin helps glucose enter the cell so it can be used as energy. In type 2 diabetes, blood sugar does not get into the cells to be stored for energy. When sugar is unable to enter cells, it accumulates in the blood. If this situation of Mr. S.F. goes untreated, it could result to many complications such as kidney damage, heart and blood vessels diseases, nerve damage in limbs or neuropathy and eye damage.Outline a possible program of treatment for Mr. MH including all the necessary steps including routine monitoring, behavioral changes and possible therapies involving medicationsPossible treatment program for Mr. S.F.:Blood sugar monitoring – Monitoring can be done with a small device called glucometer and the doctor will advise for the frequency of checking which maybe before or after meals.Weight loss- results in better control of blood sugar levels, cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressure.Regular exercise – exercise helps with regulating blood sugar levels and also helps in losing and maintaining a healthy weight.Healthy eating – There is no specific diet for diabetes but diet should include: regular schedule for meals and healthy snacks; Fewer calories; more high-fiber foods, such as fruits, non-starchy vegetables and whole grains; and smaller portion sizesDiabetes medication or insulin therapy – if diabetes is uncontrolled, oral hypoglycemic agents such as Sulfonylureas, Meglitinides, a-glucosidase inhibitors, Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones) and or insulin may be given when the above no longer provide glycemic control   ———go into more depth than this about the pathophysiology —–  Health Science Science Nursing NURSING 2534 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)

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